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17th century

Some 33 families established the community of la Nouvelle-Rochelle in 1688. A monument containing the names of these settlers stands in Hudson Park, the original landing point of the Huguenots.[4] Thirty-one years earlier, the Siwanoy Indians sold their land to Thomas Pell. In 1689 Pell officially deeded 6,100 acres (25 km2) for the establishment of a Huguenot community.[5] Jacob Leisler is an important figure in the early histories of both New Rochelle and the nation. He arrived in America as a mercenary in the British army and later became one of the most prominent merchants in New York. He was subsequently appointed acting-governor of the province, and it was during this time that he acted on behalf of the Huguenots.[6] Of all the Huguenot settlements in American founded with the view of being distinct French colonies, New Rochelle most clearly conformed to the plans of its founders. The colony continued to attract French refugees until as late as 1760. The choice of name for the city reflected the importance of the city of La Rochelle and of the new settlement in Huguenot history and distinctly French character of the community. French was spoken, and it was common practice for people in neighboring areas to send their children to New Rochelle to learn the language.[7]

18th century

In 1775 General George Washington stopped in New Rochelle on his way to assume command of the Army of the United Colonies in Massachusetts.[8] The British Army briefly occupied sections of New Rochelle and Larchmont in 1776. Following British victory in the Battle of White Plains, New Rochelle became part of a "Neutral Ground" for General Washington to regroup his troops.[8] After the Revolutionary War ended in 1784, patriot Thomas Paine was given a farm in New Rochelle for his service to the cause of independence. The farm, totaling about 300 acres (1.2 km2), had been confiscated from its owners by state of New York due to their Tory activities. The first national census of 1790 shows New Rochelle with 692 residents, 136 of whom were African American.[9]

19th century

Through the 18th century, New Rochelle had remained a modest village that retained an abundance of agricultural land. During the 19th century, however, with the rapid growth of New York City by immigration principally from Ireland and Germany, more American families left New York City and moved into the area. Although the original Huguenot population was rapidly shrinking in relative size, through ownership of land, businesses, banks, and small manufactures, they retained a predominant hold on the political and social life of the town. The 1820 Census showed 150 African-Americans residing in New Rochelle, six of whom were slaves. In 1857 the Village of New Rochelle was established within the borders of the Town of New Rochelle. A group of volunteers created the first fire service in 1861. In 1889 a bill creating the New Rochelle City Charter was signed by Governor Theodore Roosevelt. It was through this bill that the Village and Town of New Rochelle were joined into one municipality. In 1899 Michael J. Dillon narrowly defeated Hugh A. Harmer to become New Rochelle's first mayor. The recently established city charter designated four wards, a board of alderman (two from each ward), and 10 elected from the city at large.[10]

20th and 21st centuries

By 1900 New Rochelle had a population of 14,720.[11] In 1904 plans were completed for Rochelle Park, one of the first planned communities in the country.[12] In 1909, Edwin Thanhouser established Thanhouser Film Corporation. Thanhouser's Million Dollar Mystery was one of the first serial motion pictures.[13] In 1923, New Rochelle resident Anna Jones became the first African American woman to be admitted to the New York State Bar.[14] Poet and resident James J. Montague captured the image of New Rochelle in his 1926 poem "Queen City of the Sound".[15] The last four lines of the poem are: In 1930 New Rochelle recorded a population of 54,000, up from 36,213 only ten years earlier. During the 1930’s New Rochelle was the wealthiest city per capita in New York state and the third wealthiest in the country.[16] By the end of the century, the City had begun a massive revitalization of its 'downtown'. In 1999, part of downtown New Rochelle near the Metro North train station was rebuilt with a $190 million entertainment complex, nicknamed New Roc City, which features a 19-screen movie theater, an IMAX theater, an indoor ice-hockey arena, mini-golf, go karts, an arcade, restaurants, a hotel, loft-apartments and a mega supermarket. The complex was built on the former Macy's and Mall which had opened in 1968.[17]

Communities

Within the greater city borders are many established neighborhoods and subsections, several of which are larger in both size and population than neighboring towns of Larchmont, Bronxville and Pelham Manor. The public community areas most noted include: Bayberry, Beechmont, Bloomingdale Estates, Bonniecrest, Daisy Farms, Davenport Neck, Echo Manor, Forest Heights, Forest Knolls, French Ridge, Glen Island, Glenwood Lake, Heathcote, Lake Isle, Larchmont Woods, Lyncroft, Northfield, North Ridge, Paine Heights, Pinebrook, Premium Manor, Quaker Ridge, Residence Park, Rochelle Heights, Sans Souci, Scarsdale Downs, Shore Road, Sutton Manor, Vaneck Estates, Ward Acres, Wilmot Woods and Wykagyl. Premium Point, Kensington Woods and Cherry Lawn are gated neighborhoods accessible only by those immediate residents.

Crime statistics

According to the New Rochelle Police Department, New Rochelle is the safest city of its size in New York State and the fifth safest city of its size in the United States.[22] The majority of crimes committed within New Rochelle are non-violent property crimes, including burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson. Property crime, on a scale of 1 (low crime) to 10, is 4 compared to the US average of 3. Violent crime (murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) is 3, equal to the US average.[23]

Cultural

* City School District of New Rochelle * New Rochelle Public Library * New Rochelle Council on the Arts * New Rochelle Art Association * New Rochelle Opera

Demographics

As measured by the census[18] of 2000, New Rochelle (City) had a population of 72,182 people, 24,275 occupied households, and 17,546 families residing in the city. The population density was 6,973.5 people per square mile (2,692.7/km²). There were 26,995 housing units at an average density of 2,608.0/sq mi (1,007.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 68% White, 19% African American, 0.20% Native American, 4% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 6% from other races, and 3% from two or more races. 20% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. In the city the population was spread out with 24.0% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 90.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.9 males. There were 26,189 households out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 28.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.29. 19,312 residents of New Rochelle were enrolled in school, with 2,743 in pre-school or kindergarten, 8,105 in elementary school, 3,704 in high school and 5,030 in college or graduate school. Out of 42,872 individuals over the age of 25, 20% (9,766) had no high school diploma, 23% (11,325) were high school graduates, 14% (6,710) achieved some level of college education, 5% (2,347) held an associate's degree, 19% (9,120) held a bachelor's degree and 20% (9,604) possessed a graduate or other advanced degree. The working population was 35,262, 95.7% of whom were employed. The occupational breakdown had 42% working in 'management', 25% working in 'sales', 17% in 'services', 8% in 'construction', and 7% in 'production and transport'. The average daily commute was 30 minutes, with 60% driving to work, 12% carpooling, 18% traveling via public-transportation and 7% using other means. According to the 2007 Census Bureau estimates, the median income for a household in the city was $64,756 and the median income for a family was $88,004.[19] About 9.8% of the population lived below the poverty line.

Description

New Rochelle is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States, in the southeastern portion of the state. The town was settled by refugee Huguenots (French Protestants) in 1688 who were fleeing Catholic pogroms in France. Many of the settlers were artisans and craftsmen from the city of La Rochelle, France, thus influencing the choice of the name of "New Rochelle." In 2007, the city had a population of 73,260, making it the seventh largest in the state of New York.[1] In 2008, New Rochelle was recognized by the American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA) as one of the 100 Best Walking Cities in America, and the second best in New York State next only to nearby New York City.[2] In November 2008 Business Week magazine listed New Rochelle as the best city in New York State and one of the best places nationally to raise children.[3]

Economy

New Rochelle has been home to a variety of industries over the years, including: Thanhouser Film Studios, Terrytoons Studios, P.J. Tierney Diner Manufacturing (now DeRaffele Manufacturing Company), Flynn Burner Company, New York Seven Up (Joyce Beverages, Inc), RawlPlug, Inc., the Longines Symphonette Society, Conran's USA. Manufacturing and warehousing has declined since the 1990s as industrial land near both exits from Interstate 95 have been converted to "big box" retailer use. New Rochelle remains a center of business, home to the corporate headquarters of Sidney Frank Importing, Blimpies, and East River Savings Bank.

Fire Department

New Rochelle's Fire Department actively pursues code enforcement and fire prevention. By keeping buildings up to code, controlling illegal occupancies, monitoring the safety of living-areas and issuing licenses and permits, the department works to control the potential for dangerous situations. With five state-of-the-art facilities stationed throughout the city, the department is capable of handling fires, rescues, extrications, medical emergencies, hazardous material incidents and natural disasters. The NRFD operates a frontline fire apparatus fleet of five engines companies and two reserve engines, three truck companies and one reserve truck, one rescue company, two ambulances from Transcare New Rochelle EMS, and many other support units. The NRFD is known as the premiere fire department in the area because of its wide range of services and is frequently called on by nearby communities to assist in handling emergency situations. Unlike nearby communities that depend on volunteer fire and emergency medical resources, the city's emergency services are municipally funded.[citation needed]

Geography

New Rochelle is located at 40°55′43″N 73°47′03″W / 40.9286°N 73.7842°W / 40.9286; -73.7842 (New Rochelle, New York), at the southeastern point of continental New York State. It lies on the Long Island Sound, bordered on the west by Pelham, Pelham Manor and Eastchester, by Scarsdale to the north and east, Mamaroneck and Larchmont to the east. The city lies 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the New York City border (Pelham Bay Park in The Bronx).According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.2 square miles (34.3 km2). The city has a rough triangle shape, approximately 10 miles (16 km) from north to south and 1.5 miles (2 km) from east to west at its widest point.

Golf

* Wykagyl Country Club is located in the Wykagyl section of New Rochelle on North Avenue just south of Quaker Ridge Road. Golfweek magazine ranks Wykagyl as one of America's Top 100 Classic Courses. * Pelham Country Club, straddles the border of New Rochelle and Pelham Manor. The course is a mile from the Westchester, New York City border and Pelham Bay Park.

Government

Since 1932 New Rochelle has operated under a Council-Manager form of government. The City Manager is the chief administrative officer of the city selected to carry out the directives of the Council. The Manager monitors the city's fiscal condition and enforces its ordinances and laws. The City Manager is involved in the discussion of all matters coming before Council yet has no final vote. The City Council is the legislative body consisting of the Mayor and six council members. The Mayor serves as the presiding officer of the Council. Since 1993 the City has had six council districts, with one council member elected from and by each district. The Council functions to set policy, approve the annual budget, appoint the City Manager and City Clerk, and enact local laws, resolutions & ordinances [21].

Higher education

* The College of New Rochelle - The largest women's Catholic college in the United States, founded by the sisters of the Ursuline Order. * Iona College - Catholic college founded by the Congregation of Christian Brothers. * Monroe College - provides professional, career oriented and business centered education.

Housing variety

Some of the country's most expensive real estate can be found in New Rochelle. The north end of the city (10804) is ranked in Forbes Magazines list of the '500 most expensive zip-codes' in the country [20]. According to the list, the average household income was $199,061 and the average home price was over $752,000. Homes in Premium Point, a gated section of the city on Long Island Sound, are priced anywhere from $2 to $20 million. The three newest residential developments, 'Kensington Woods', 'The Greens at Cherry Lawn' and 'Riviera Shores', are all gated communities with single family homes priced from $2 million. With a population approaching 80,000 residents, New York State law dictates that the city provide an adequate amount of affordable housing units for the less fortunate. New Rochelle has historically met and surpassed state requirements, currently working to replace the existing Weyman Avenue Projects with more forward thinking, community centered townhouse-style housing units. By embracing the needs of the poor, New Rochelle sets a precedent for other suburban communities to follow. Neighboring towns including Mamaroneck, Larchmont and Scarsdale neglect to address such concerns, failing to meet the minimal affordable housing requirements set by the state. Popular consenus is that the presence of the poor precludes that of the middle-class and the wealthy. Considering the large number of working-class and affordable housing units found 'Downtown', the high property values prevalent throughout most of the city reflects the true economic diversity of New Rochelle. It is home to the financially disadvantaged and the very wealthy. One of 'the wealthiest people in the United States' according to Forbes Magazine was longtime New Rochelle resident and multi-billionaire Sidney Frank.

Landmarks and attractions

* Columbia Island - a small island (appx. 150 feet (46 m) square) situated between Davids' Island and Pea Island. Up until 1940 it was known as Little Pea Island. CBS purchased it and built a concrete foundation to support a transmitter building topped by a 410-foot (120 m) tall antenna tower for WCBS-AM.[25][26] The transmitter remained in operation until the 1960s, when the station was moved to nearby High Island. * Execution Rocks Lighthouse - centered in the middle of Long Island Sound, just south of Davids' Island.The structure was built in 1849 and includes a 55-foot (17 m) tall tower and the ‘keeper's house’. It is rumored that the lighthouse's site got its name before the American Revolutionary War when British colonial authorities executed people by chaining them to the rocks at low tide and allowing the rising water to drown them. In reality, the name was chosen to reflect the historically dangerous shipping area created by the rocks exposure during low tides. * Huckleberry Island - a 10-acre (40,000 m2) island owned by the Huckleberry Indians, Inc., a club within the New York Athletic Club. The island is an important nesting site for waterbirds such as egrets and night herons. * Leland Castle - a 19th century Gothic Revival castle built as the summer residence of Simeon Leland, a wealthy New York City hotel entrepreneur. It has since been acquired by the College of New Rochelle and is used as an art gallery available to the public. * St. John's Wilmot Church - a historic Episcopal parish located in the northern end of the City at the intersection of North Avenue and Wilmot Road, formerly referred to as “Cooper's Corner”. * Thomas Paine Historical Site - a historical nexus within the city, the site comprises: the country home of the American pamphleteer and Revolutionary War hero Thomas Paine, his burial site, monument, and a museum. Paine's Cottage was built in 1793 and is a National Historic Landmark. The Thomas Paine Memorial Building, built in 1925, houses the library and museum collection of the Thomas Paine National Historical Association. Also on the site is the Brewster Schoolhouse, one of the oldest structural relics in Westchester County. * Trinity-St. Paul's Episcopal Church - added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006. It is located at the northwest corner of Huguenot Street (also known as the Boston Post Road) and Division Street. This church represents the body of the majority group of New Rochelle's founding Huguenot French Calvanistic congregation that conformed to the liturgy of the established Church of England in June of 1709. King George III gave Trinity its first charter in 1762. After the Revolutionary War, Trinity became a parish of the Protestant Episcopal Church of America.

Media

* Sound Town Report * The Journal News Mount Vernon | New Rochelle | Peekskill | Rye | White Plains | Yonkers Bedford | Cortlandt | Eastchester | Greenburgh | Harrison | Lewisboro | Mamaroneck | Mount Kisco | Mount Pleasant | New Castle | North Castle | North Salem | Ossining | Pelham | Pound Ridge | Rye | Scarsdale | Somers | Yorktown Ardsley | Briarcliff Manor | Bronxville | Buchanan | Croton-on-Hudson | Dobbs Ferry | Elmsford | Harrison | Hastings-on-Hudson | Irvington | Larchmont | Mamaroneck | Mount Kisco | Ossining | Pelham | Pelham Manor | Pleasantville | Port Chester | Rye Brook | Scarsdale | Sleepy Hollow | Tarrytown | Tuckahoe Armonk | Bedford | Bedford Village | Chappaqua | Crompond | Crugers | Eastchester | Fairview | Golden's Bridge | Greenville/Edgemont | Hartsdale | Hawthorne | Heritage Hills | Jefferson Valley | Lake Mohegan | Lincolndale | Peach Lake‡ | Scotts Corners | Shenorock | Shrub Oak | Thornwood | Valhalla | Verplanck | Yorktown Heights Banksville | Bedford Corners | Bedford Hills | Cortlandt Manor | Granite Springs | Katonah | Millwood | Montrose | Pocantico Hills | Purchase | South Salem | Waccabuc ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties

Medical

Sound Shore Medical Center is a not-for-profit health care organization located in New Rochelle that treats over 85,000 patients annually and operates the only New York State Area Trauma Center in southern Westchester County.

New Rochelle in media and fiction

* In the early 20th century New Rochelle was home to one of the first movie studios in the country, Edwin Thanhouser's Thanhouser Film Corporation. Originally located on the corner of Warren and Grove Street, the company moved to Main Street near Echo Avenue after a devastating fire in 1913. The studio is noted for filming the first serial in motion pictures named Million Dollar Mystery.[32] * Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the oldest and most widely known rendition of Robert Louis Stevenson's short story Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, was filmed in New Rochelle.[33] * Terrytoons animation studio was located in New Rochelle from 1928 to 1968. Its most popular characters include Mighty Mouse, Gandy Goose, Dinky Duck, Deputy Dawg, Luno and Heckle and Jeckle.[34] * The song Happy To Keep His Dinner Warm from the Broadway show How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying is about Rosemary's desire to become a trophy wife and live in a mansion in New Rochelle.[35] * The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers takes place in New Rochelle.[36] * George M. Cohan's song "Forty-five Minutes from Broadway" is about New Rochelle in the late 1890s.[37] It still takes about forty-five minutes to travel to Broadway by train and foot from New Rochelle. * Musical Give My Regards To Broadway references New Rochelle.[38] and so does Guys and Dolls[citation needed] * The novel Ragtime was written by New Rochelle resident E. L. Doctorow and set in New Rochelle. It also became a successful Broadway show, and a major motion picture of the same name.[39] * The 1961-1966 TV hit The Dick Van Dyke Show starring Dick Van Dyke and Mary Tyler Moore as Rob and Laura Petrie. The Petrie family lived on 248 Bonnie Meadow Road in the North-end of the city.[40] * Peter DeRose wrote Deep Purple while sitting in his garden in New Rochelle. * Robert Allen composed "Home For The Holidays" and the Johnny Mathis hit "Chances Are" in New Rochelle. * Jerry Bock was a resident of New Rochelle when he wrote the musical Fiddler On The Roof. * New Rochelle resident J. Fred Coots wrote Santa Claus Is Coming To Town, one of the biggest best sellers in American musical history. * The classic 70's song American Pie was written by New Rochelle resident Don McLean. * The film Catch Me If You Can is loosely based on the story Frank Abagnale, who grew up in New Rochelle in the 1960s.[41][42] * The famous Mean Joe Green Coca-Cola commercial was shot in New Rochelle in 1979.[43] * The 1986 horror film "Scream for Help" was shot in New Rochelle.[44] * The 1988 novel The Devil's Arithmetic was set in New Rochelle at the beginning of the book. * Scenes in Goodfellas were filmed on Alfred Lane, off Quaker Ridge Road in the Pinebrook Heights neighborhood. The house of the parents of Henry Hill's eventual wife, Karen, is on Alfred Lane. Henry goes across the street and pistol whips the neighbor after the neighbor sexually attacked Karen.[45] * In the 1994 film City Slickers II, the main character Mitch Robbins and his wife Barbara live in New Rochelle, having moved there from Manhattan where they lived in the original film, City Slickers[46] * The 1996 romantic comedy Love Is All There Is was filmed at the Greentree Country Club on Davenport Neck.[47] * The Oscar-nominated Burt Reynolds film Starting Over includes a school carnival scene filmed at what is now known as the Hudson Montessori School on Quaker Ridge Road.[citation needed] * New Rochelle was one of the settings for the 1999 CBS science fiction television series Now and Again.[48] * Scenes in the movie Michael Clayton, released in 2007 and starring George Clooney, were filmed in New Rochelle.[citation needed] * The character James 'Spike' Thompson (Dexter Fletcher) in the ITV series Press Gang comes from New Rochelle, but lives in Norbridge, England.[citation needed] * Scenes of the movie Burn After Reading, starring Brad Pitt and George Clooney, were filmed in Sutton Manor.[49] * The music video for the song "Dance, Dance" by the band Fall Out Boy takes place in the gymnasium of Salesian High School in New Rochelle.[50][51] * The 2005 novel The Midnight Oil, by Ken Knight, features New Rochelle as the home of the main character "Jonny Faster" who runs a porn film production company in the story.[citation needed] * Portions of Chasing the Green (2008), starring Jeremy London and Ryan Hurst, were filmed in the city.[52]

Notable residents

* Bernard Arnault, LVMH Chairman[53] * Jesse Arnelle, basketball player[54] * Derek Bermel, Composer, Clarinetist, Conductor[55] * Jerry Bilik, composer[56] * William Black, founder of Chock Full-o-Nuts[57] * Gloria Borger, CNN and CBS special correspondent[55] * John Boyd, athlete, Three-time National rowing champion for the NYAC 2002-2007 * Teresa Brewer, pop and jazz singer, lived on Pinebrook Boulevard[58] * Nell Brinkley, illustrator and comic artist known as the "Queen of Comics"[59] * Joseph Campbell, mythologist, professor and author[60] * Irene Castle, dancer[61] * Carrie Chapman Catt, women's suffragist, first international leader of the political phase of the feminist movement[62] * Kenneth Chenault, CEO of American Express, lives in the city[63] * J. Fred Coots, songwriter (Santa Claus is Coming to Town)[64] * Bud Cort, actor[65] * Faith Daniels, NBC News personality * Ossie Davis, actor, playwright and social reformer, husband of Ruby Dee - Rochelle Heights[66] * Drew S. Days, III, Solicitor General of the United States, Professor of Law at Yale Law School[55] * Ruby Dee, actress, poet, playwright, screenwriter, journalist, and activist; married to Ossie Davis - Rochelle Heights[67] * Bob Denver, actor, born in New Rochelle[68] * Peter De Rose, songwriter (Deep Purple)[64] * Matt Dillon, actor[69] * Kara DioGuardi, songwriter, producer, and fourth judge on American Idol.[70] * E.L. Doctorow, author[71] * Christopher Edley, Jr. '70 - Dean of University of California, Berkeley School of Law (Boalt Hall)[55] * Jane Emmet de Glehn, painter [72] * John Falter, artist and Saturday Evening Post illustrator [73] * James Fenimore Cooper, American author[74] * Lydia Field Emmet, painter[75] * W C Fields, comedian and actor[76] * Terry Finn, actress, original Broadway cast, Merrily We Roll Along (musical) * Laurence Fishburne, actor, playwright, director, and producer, and wife Gina Torres[77] * Noah Fleiss, actor[78] * Eddie Foy, Jr., actor[79] * Frankie Frisch, baseball player[80] * Sidney Frank, multi-billionaire creator of 'top-shelf' liquors[81] * Lou Gehrig, Hall of Fame baseball player[82] * Leslie Gelb, former President of the Council on Foreign Relations[55] * Irv Gotti, Murder Inc CEO, Record producer - Beechmont Woods [83] * Courtney Greene, Current Free Safety for Rutgers University[84] * James Gregory, stage, screen and TV actor[55] * Nick Gregory, meteorologist [85] * Butch Harmon, golf instructor, former coach of Tiger Woods, son of Claude Harmon, grew up in New Rochelle[86] * Claude Harmon, golfer, lived in New Rochelle[86] * Peter Lind Hayes, actor, lived on Icard Lane off Pelham Road [87] * Anthony Heald, actor[88] * William Randolph Hearst, newspaper 'baron' * Henry Heimlich creator of Heimlich Maneuver[55] * Don Hewitt, producer [55][89] * Henry Holt, publisher and author[90] * Bronson Howard, American dramatist[91] * Devon Hughes, professional wrestler[92] * Lord Jamar, rapper[93] * Art James, American game show host[94] * Lou Jones, Olympic gold medal winner [95] * Elia Kazan, director [55][96] * Edward Winsor Kemble, American cartoonist and illustrator[97] * Michael Kaiser, President, John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts[55] * M. Farooq Kathwari, chairman & owner of Ethan Allen[98] * John Kluge, German-American television industry mogul (Metromedia) and billionaire[99] * Jerome Kohlberg, Jr., billionaire co-founder of Private Equity group KKR[55] * Jay Leno, comedian, writer and TV host[100] * Clifford J. Levy, Pulitzer Prize winning Journalist[55] * J. C. Leyendecker, Saturday Evening Post illustrator[101] * Harry Macklowe, Chairman And CEO Macklowe Properties Real Estate Investment[55] * Andrea McArdle, singer and actress, Broadway's original Annie[102] * Don McLean, singer, famous for the 1971 ballad, "American Pie"[103] * Tommy Manville, heir to asbestos fortune, socialite[104] * Branford Marsalis,Grammy Award Winning Jazz Performer[105] * Willie Mays, Hall of Fame baseball player[106] * Alan Menken, Academy Award winning composer[55] * Robert Merrill, operatic baritone [107] * Bob Mintzer, saxophonist, composer, arranger and big band leader[55] * Andrea Mitchell, Journalist[55] * J.P. Morgan, industrialist[53] * Rob Morrow, actor[108] * Tommy Mottola, music executive [109] * Selig Neubardt, obstetrician and gynecologist, prominent early advocate for birth control and safe abortion[110] * Glynnis O'Connor, actress [111] * George Oppen, poet[112] * Barrie M. Osborne, Film Producer & 2004 Academy Award winner (Lord of the Rings[55] * Cynthia Ozick, author [113] * Vincent Pastore, Actor, played "Pussy" Bombensiero on the Sopranos * J.C. Penney, founder of department store chain[114] * Thomas Paine, philosopher, writer, and politician [115] * Jan Peerce, operatic tenor[116] * Grand Puba, rapper [117] * Alex Raymond, cartoonist, creator of "Flash Gordon", graduated Iona Prep in 1927[118] * Carl Reiner, actor, director, producer, writer and comedian[119] * Rob Reiner, actor, director, producer, writer, children's advocate and political activist [120] * Frederic Remington, painter and sculptor[121] * Charles Revson, pioneering cosmetics industry executive, created Revlon[122][123] * Ray Rice,Baltimore Ravens Running Back [124] * Mariano Rivera, baseball player * Norman Rockwell, artist, lived at 24 Lord Kitchener Road in Bonnie Crest [125] * Richard Roundtree, actor and male fashion model[55][126] * Louis Rukeyser, business columnist, economic commentator and TV host [55][127] * William S. Rukeyser, Editor of Fortune[55] * J.H. Ryley, singer, actor[128] * Peter Scolari, actor * Robert Emmet Sherwood, playwright[129] * Lawrence M. Small, president and chief operating officer of Fannie Mae, Smithsonian Institution Secretary[55] * Henry Smart, head of Standard Oil Company, lived in Beechmont[130] * Buffalo Bob Smith, TV host, created and voiced Howdy Doody[131] * CL Smooth, rapper[132] * George Spaulding, songwriter * Arnold Stang, comic actor[133] * David Starobin, classical guitarist, producer, professor and composer of works including "New Rochelle Suite"[134] * Frances Sternhagen, actress[135] * John Stephenson, inventor of the street car, founded John Stevenson Company[136] * Teyana Taylor, musician and TV personality[citation needed] * Cristina Teuscher, Olympic Gold Medalist (Swimming)[137] * Augustus Thomas, playwright[138] * Jean Toomer, writer [139] * Joe Torre, Manager - New York Yankees, former Major League baseball player[140] * Gina Torres, actress * Joan Tower contemporary American composer, pianist and conductor [141] * Rachel Vail, children's author[55] * Heinie Wagner, shortstop for the New York Giants and Boston Redsox * Francis Wilson, actor[138] * Malcolm Wilson, politician, former Governor of New York[142] * Sadat X, rapper[93] * Chic Young, cartoonist, creator of Blondie[76] * Whitney Young, Jr., civil rights leader[143]

Parks

The City has an impressive collection of parklands and nature preserves, with 102.5 acres (0.415 km2) of inland waters, 231.51 acres (0.9369 km2) of public park lands and 168 acres (0.68 km2) of park lets. * Glen Island — In 1879 John H. Starin, a former U.S. Congressman and New York transportation king, bought five islands which he named 'Glen Island ' and created perhaps the first theme park open to the public. His 12 steamboats transported millions of New York residents and others to the attractions which included a zoo, a natural history museum, a railway, a German beer garden (around the castle-like structure which still stands today), a bathing beach, and a Chinese pagoda. Today the park is a 105-acre (0.42 km2) island property connected to the mainland by a drawbridge built in the 1920s. One of the main features of the park is its pristine, crescent shaped beach offering access to Long Island Sound. * Five Islands Park is a series of islands connected by small footbridges and pathways, offers playground, sports, hiking and camping facilities for all residents to enjoy. * Hudson Park encompasses 13 acres (0.053 km2) along the city's harbor front and includes a beach for residents, the city boathouse, greenhouses, the shore station of the United States Coast Guard and several yacht and rowing clubs. The park is traditionally accepted as the original landing place of the Huguenot settlers. A granite boulder with bronze tablets commemorates the event. * Davids' Island, a 78-acre (320,000 m2) island of the coast of the city, is being transformed from a former American military base (Fort Slocum) into a park and environmental preserve. Beginning just after the Civil War, the island was a military base used to protect New York Harbors, during World War I it served as an army recruitment station and up until 1967, it maintained various ‘Cold War’ facilities. Today it is home to a variety of plants, birds, and animals. These include the endangered Kemp’s Ridley sea turtle, and rare birds such as osprey and least terns. Davids Island also supports valuable wetlands, rare rocky intertidal areas, and sandy beaches. The waters surrounding the Island are home to Winter Flounder, Atlantic Herring, and Atlantic Silversides. * Ward Acres, located in the North End, is a combination of untouched forest, wild lawns and meadows, acres of hiking, exercise trails and historic horse stables/cemeteries. In 2007, The Westchester County Department of Conservation produced a Natural Resource Management Plan in order to identify and protect the natural resource needs of the park. It encompasses 62 acres (250,000 m2), with the forests divided into four main sections, each distinct in both general characteristics and species presence. It's formed by a portion of a former private state that contained a horse farm, and by an old railroad right of way. It includes a 3-acre (12,000 m2) fenced-in dog run, and it is the only park in the City in which residents can walk a dog without a leash.[28] * The Leatherstocking Trail is a 2-mile (3.2 km) long, inter-municipal hiking trail situated between New Rochelle and Mamaroneck, eventually linking into Saxon Woods County Park. It is part of a larger "Colonial Greenway Trail" in which it connects to Twin Lakes/Nature Study and Saxon Woods parks.[29] * Sheldrake Lake which formerly served as a reservoir supplying the areas drinking water, is now a 60 acres (0.24 km2) park and nature conservancy promoting an increased understanding of the local ecology. * Twin Lakes Park, combined with the adjacent Nature Study Woods comprise 220 acres (0.89 km2) of woods, marsh, lakes, ponds and some fields along the Hutchinson River in New Rochelle’s Northend. There are many foot trails weaving through woods, marshlands, fields and around two large lakes (formerly reservoirs).[30]

Police

The Town of New Rochelle formed its first professional police department in 1885, 14 years before the city incorporated in 1899. The Department currently has 186 sworn officers and a total staff of more than 250. In 1993 the Department was certified as an accredited agency by the New York State Law Enforcement Accreditation Council. Special programs include community oriented policing through the 'Police and Community Together' (PACT) program, harbor patrol, and a bicycle patrol.[24]

Primary and secondary

* Hudson Montessori - private Montessori school in Wykagyl serving pre-kindergarten level through fifth grade. * Iona Grammar - all-boys Catholic grammar school in Wykagyl serving grades one through eight. * Iona Prep - all-boys Catholic school serving grades nine through 12. * Mount Tom Day School - private day school serving pre-k level through second grade. The school is housed in the mansion of renowned 20th-century American artist and illustrator J.C. Leyendecker. The school bordered New Rochelle Academy, a prep school (N-12) which closed down in 1987. * The Thornton Donovan School - co-ed preparatory school in Beechmont. * The Ursuline School - all-girls Catholic school in Wykagyl serving grades six through 12. * Salesian High School - all-boys Roman Catholic high school (grades nine through 12) * Blessed Sacrament-St. Gabriel High School - coed Catholic High School in Downtown.

Public

The city is served by the City School District of New Rochelle, which operates a renowned public high school, two junior high schools and ten elementary schools. On seven separate occasions, the City's schools have received the prestigious Blue Ribbon Award from the U.S. Department of Education. New Rochelle High School is one of the most diverse high schools in the country; the student body represents over 60 different countries from around the world. The school offers over 240 courses including honors, research and advanced placement courses. Libraries are operated by the New Rochelle Public Library System which is part of the county-wide Westchester Library System.

Railroad

The city has a commuter railroad station served by Metro North as well as Amtrak.[31]

Railroad history

By 1848, the New York & New Haven opened their line along Long Island Sound. After the end of the Civil War, proposals for new railroads reached new levels. Banking that the city would continue to grow northward, the New York, Westchester and Boston Railway Company developed new lines of service to serve the large populations moving to the suburbs. Two main lines were built as part of the NYW&B; the Port Chester line and the White Plains line. While the populations of some communities served by the NYWB did grow between 1912 and 1937, the growth was not large enough or fast enough to provide sufficient business for the railroad, and service was discontinued on December 31, 1937.

Residential profile

New Rochelle is commonly referred to as 'The Home Town' because of the significant amount of single-family, residential development that exists throughout most of the city. While the formerly industrial downtown section is more densely developed, with condominiums, high rises, offices, shopping centers, affordable housing complexes, a medical center, nursing homes, two college campuses and an inter modal transportation hub, the rest of the city consists of sprawling, residential neighborhoods. There are more than 11,500 single family units within the city, more than that of neighboring Larchmont, Mamaroneck and Scarsdale combined. The total number of separate households surpasses 26,000, more than that of neighboring Pelham, Pelham Manor, Eastchester, Scarsdale, Mamaroneck and Larchmont combined.

Road

Major highways include Interstate 95 and the Hutchinson River Parkway. Interstate 95 serves as the main route through New Rochelle with four exits directly serving the city. The Hutchinson River Parkway, which is designated for passenger vehicles only, runs through much of the city. Substantial congestion on the Parkway occurs in both directions during the morning and evening rush-hour. The Boston Post Road, also known as Main Street in downtown New Rochelle, is used as a major artery during the morning and evening commute. Most traffic via the Post Road is short distance or fairly local, yet vehicles have utilized Route 1 during times of heavy congestion on I-95 as a re-route.

Sister city

New Rochelle’s ‘sister city’ is La Rochelle, France, a city and commune of western France with a (population 78,000 in 2004).

Tennis

* New Rochelle Tennis Club located in Wykagyl is one of the oldest lawn-tennis organizations in the country.

Waterfront

The shoreline within the City of New Rochelle measures 2.7 miles (4.3 km), but due to many irregularities and off-shore islands, the actual length of the waterfront is 9.3 miles (15.0 km).[clarification needed] The unusual coastal features have over the years earned it the nickname, "the Queen City of the Sound."[27] * Yacht, sailing and rowing clubs dot the coast on Long Island Sound and beach clubs line the shores of Davenport Neck. Beckwithe Point, The Greentree Country Club and The Surf Club are the largest of the private shore clubs, providing waterfront recreation to members during the summer season. The New York Athletic Club sits on Travers Island, located on the border of New Rochelle and Pelham Manor. * Echo Bay Yacht Club and Huguenot Yacht Club are several well known, private yacht clubs in the city. * New York Sailing School and New Rochelle Rowing Club each have histories dating back over 100 years. * The City operates a large marina with 300 slips and 150 mooring spaces.